SOCIAL COGNITION

社会认知是心理学各分支的一个分支，它关注的是人们如何处理、存储和应用关于他人和社会情境的信息。它关注的是认知过程在社会互动中的作用更严格地说，社会认知指的是人们如何处理同种(同种成员)甚至跨物种(如宠物)的信息，包括四个阶段:编码、存储、检索和处理。在社会心理学领域，社会认知是指运用认知心理学方法和信息加工理论对这些过程进行研究的一种具体方法。根据这一观点，社会认知是一个层次的分析，目的是通过调查社会心理现象背后的认知过程来了解社会心理现象。该方法的主要关注点是涉及社会刺激的感知、判断和记忆的过程;社会和情感因素对信息加工的影响以及认知过程对行为和人际关系的影响。这种层次的分析可以应用于社会心理学的任何内容领域，包括对个人内部、人际关系、团队内部和群体间过程的研究。“社会认知”一词已在心理学和认知神经科学的多个领域得到应用，最常指自闭症、[3]型精神分裂症和其他疾病中被破坏的各种社会能力。认知神经科学研究了社会认知的生物学基础。发展心理学家研究社会认知能力的发展

Social cognition is a sub-topic of various branches of psychology that focuses on how people process, store, and apply information about other people and social situations. It focuses on the role that cognitive processes play in social interactions.[1]More technically, social cognition refers to how people deal with conspecifics (members of the same species) or even across species (such as pet) information, include four stages: encoding, storage, retrieval, and processing. In the area of social psychology, social cognition refers to a specific approach in which these processes are studied according to the methods of cognitive psychology and information processing theory. According to this view, social cognition is a level of analysis that aims to understand social psychological phenomena by investigating the cognitive processes that underlie them.[2] The major concerns of the approach are the processes involved in the perception, judgment, and memory of social stimuli; the effects of social and affective factors on information processing; and the behavioral and interpersonal consequences of cognitive processes. This level of analysis may be applied to any content area within social psychology, including research on intrapersonal, interpersonal, intragroup, and intergroup processes.The term social cognition has been used in multiple areas in psychology and cognitive neuroscience, most often to refer to various social abilities disrupted in autism,[3] schizophrenia[4] and other disorders.[5] In cognitive neuroscience the biological basis of social cognition is investigated.[6][7][8] Developmental psychologists study the development of social cognition abilities.[9]